Materi Bahasa Inggris Kelas 9: Present Perfect Tense

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The Uses of Present Perfect Tense

1. For a situation that started in the past and continuous to the present.

Present Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan situasi yang telah dimulai pada masa lalu dan berlanjut sampai saat ini.

for example: 

I have worked in publishing all my life (Saya telah bekerja di bidang percetakan sepanjang hidup saya)

2. To talk about a series of actions up to the present.

untuk menceritakan tentang beberapa perbuatanyang dilakukan hingga sekarang.
for example:
I have visited South Korea several times. 
(Sampai saat ini, saya telah mengunjungi Korea selatan beberapa kali)

3. For a past event that has a present result

untuk menyatakan kejadian di masa lalu yang berakibat di masa sekarang.
example:
I have lost my wallet - I can't find it anywhere
(Saya telah kehilangan dompet - Saya tidak bisa menemukannya dimanapun)

Jadi dapat disimpulkan, secara umum Present Perfect Tense menghubungkan masa lalu dengan masa sekarang. Bisa berupa kegiatan yang masih dikerjakan sampai saat ini atau hasil yang dirasakan pada saat sekarang akibat dari perbuatan di masa lalu.

The Form of Present Perfect Tense

We form sentences in present perfect tense with the auxiliary has/have + past participle.
Example:

Affirmative Sentence
I have played = I've played
You have walked = You've walked
He/She/It has eaten = He/She/It's eaten
We have fed the cat = We've fed the cat
They have made dinner = They've made dinner

Negative Sentence
I have not played = I haven't played
You have not walked = You haven't walked
He/She/It has not eaten = He/She/It hasn't eaten
We have not fed the cat = We haven't fed the cat
They have not made dinner = They haven't made dinner

Question
Have I played?
Have you walked?
Has he/she/it eaten?
Have we fed the cat?
Have they made breakfast?

What is Past Participle?

Past participle adalah kata kerja (verb) bentuk ketiga.
Urutannya sebagai berikut: Infinitive (V1) - Past Simple (V2) - Past Participle (V3)

For example:

Irregular verbs
be - was - been
begin - began - begun
eat - ate - eaten
buy - bought - bought
do - did - done

Regular verbs
play - played - played
walk - walked - walked
work - worked - worked
visit - visited - visited

Since and For

Kita menggunakan since dan for untuk menjawab pertanyaan "How long" (berapa lama) dalam kalimat present perfect tense.

Since: bisa diartikan 'sejak', digunakan untuk menyatakan permulaan waktu dan saat tertentu.
Example:
I have worked in this school since 2009.
We have known him since two months ago.

For:  bisa diartikan 'selama', digunakan untuk menyatakan periode waktu atau durasi.
Example:
I have played Mobile Legend for an hour.
I have studied English for a year.

Task

Click this link to access the evaluation: Latihan Soal Present Perfect Tense

Thank you!